1
Law::
and به اعتبار سمت و مقام ex officio /èks (físh(iy)ow/ (Lat) : by virtue of the office; by virtue of the authority implied by office • ex cathedra /èks k(((dr(, ~ k(((ydr(( (Lat) : from the chair. Originally applied to the decisions of the popes from their cathedra, or chair. Hence, authoritative; having the weight of authority.
فرهنگ تشریحی - کاربردی حقوق تالیف هرمز رشدیه