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اقتصاد::
مهار تورم
Here, productivity is measured as the ratio of deflated (volume) value added divided by a ratio of
• The indirect volume method: deflating inputs (the outputs = inputs method)
The first method involves collecting aggregate raw expenditure data and then deflating
this by a gross domestic product (GDP) deflator.
deflator (as outlined in Atkinson Review), so is in turn less likely to yield accurate results.
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