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عمومی::
سبب شناسی، علت شناسی
Etiologies arise from many possible fac- tors, including structural, medical, and neurologic alterations of the respiratory, laryngeal, and vocal tract mechanisms.
Differential diagnosis of the voice dis- order etiology usually is made through careful visual examination of the lesion, but the history of voice use, disorder onset, course, and remission will also contribute important information critical to understanding the source of the prob- lem and the indications for treatment.
Laryngeal carcinoma is most often caused by chronic irritation of the laryn- geal epithelium and mucosa by such agents as tobacco smoke and alcohol, but rarely there may be other etiologies.
The sulcus significantly decreases the mucosal wave of the vibrating cover, though the deeper vocal fold structures are unaf- fected.1'3'13'25'26 There is no clear etiology for sulcus vocalis.
Two prin- cipal etiologies are associated with the mechanical or chemical tissue irritants that produce a granuloma or contact ulceration.
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