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زیست شناسی::
خارج سلولی
where c1 is the salt concentration in the cell and c2 is the salt concentration in the extracellular space.
Due to the differences in charge types and concentrations between intracellular and extracellular regions, they exist with different potential conditions and, as a result, the membrane creates an electric field determining the membrane potential.
The membrane therefore plays the role of the cell's electrical battery, by providing a continuous source of electrical energy originating from the potential imbalance between the intracellular and extracellular regions.
Potassium ions try to move from the intracellular to the extracellular region, while sodium and chloride ions try to flow in the opposite direction.
positive/negative species, and out/in stands for extracellular /intracellular regions, respectively.
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