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هنر::
امپرسیونیست
The Impressionist exhibitions of the 1870s and 1880s fall into this category.
Relying on the transient, the quick and the fleeting, Impressionist brush- strokes seek to capture the dappling effects of light across a given surface.
Impressionists use a spectacular color range, varying from subtle harmonies to stark Con. trasts of brilliant hues.
Impressionists concentrate on landscape and still-life painting, imbuing them with an urban viewpoint, even when depicting a country scene.
a Exhibited at the Impressionist exhibition of 1877 Context and Interpretation a One of a series depicting this train station
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2
اقتصاد::
امپرسیونیست
Those who are praised today as the great masters of impressionist art, had to at the time resort to private initiative ("Salon des Refuses"), as well as to the market (Monet's paintings were first bought in sizeable numbers by private American collectors).
Impressionist paintings were traded at high prices on markets before that particular art movement was acknowledged by the art establishment.
In the same way, an economist would, as a working hypothesis, not assume that the Japanese have an intrinsic or even genetically given preference for buying European Impressionists and Expressionists (Renoirs, van Goghs)14.
Relevant factors to look at would be the differential growth in income, relative price changes (in particular of the exchange rate between the dollar and the yen), the availability of different sorts of paintings at auctions, the difference in the "use" to which the paintings are put, differences in tax treatments, but also the differences in familiarity and in cultural education (impressionist paintings seem to be more similar to classical Japanese art), which can be studied by human capital theory (see Stigler and Becker 1977).
The dramatic rise over the last decades in the general price level for paintings of old masters, of impressionists and of modem classics, is reflected in a strong increase in the overall value of art museums, but also in the steady flow of income forgone each year.
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