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روان شناسی و مشاوره::
کلاننظام، کلانسیستم
Beginning with Bronfenbrenner's ecological model (1979, 1989) as an overarching frame- work, there is a greater appreciation of how the child's development is influenced, not only by the child's individual characteristics (biological context, such as genetic makeup, tempera- ment, intelligence), but the child's immediate environment/microsystem (family, school, peers, community neighborhood), the surrounding social and economic context/exosystem (poverty, divorce, family stress), as well as cultural context/macrosystem.
A major part of the chapter will focus on the macrosystem characteristic of culture, as the unique challenges facing minority youth are explored.
microsystem, exosystem, macrosystem, mesosystem transactional ecological،
واژگان شبکه مترجمین ایران