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عمومی::
سیاسی شدن (سازی)
29 Trends towards the externalization and politicization of policy advice in
Part VIII concludes with chapters that discuss trends in contemporary policy formula- tion research and practice such as the significance of movements towards the increased 'politicization' of policy advice, the struggle between proponents of experience- versus evidence-based formulation processes, the changing role of media in influencing and informing policy actors, as well as the phenomenon of the intentional disproportionality of government responses to problems in many circumstances.
On the one hand, nega- tive stretching or destructive layering exacerbates tensions between regime elements and more politicized or less instrumental forms of policy-making and outcomes.
Craft and Howlett's chapter (Chapter 29) looks at developments in the realm of policy advisory systems and the incli- nation towards greater externalization and politicization of policy advice.
Thirdly, we analyse the relationship between policy bureaucrats and poli- ticians with special attention to different types of politicization and their relation to
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علوم اجتماعی و جامعه شناسی::
سیاسی سازی
In general, the situa- tion leads to either migrations that give rise to politicized organiza- tions, or to the politicization of communities in each host country.
This politicization, which involves taking a stance on legitimacy, tends to invade all community space, forcing everyone in it to take sides.
An exam- ple is the politicization of Italians after Mussolini came to power in Rome.
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