1
اقتصاد::
ساختارگرا
The debates between the structuralists and horizontalists within post-Key- nesian economics highlighted the fact that endogenous-money proponents had a very different understanding of monetary operations than did neoclassical economists.
Pollin (1991) notes that both horizontalists and structuralists accept Holmes's (1969, p. 73) argument that '[i]n the real-world, banks extend credit, creating deposits in the process, and look for the reserves later'.
In the debates between horizontalists and structuralists, Pollin (1996) suggests that central banks - the Fed, in particular - do not have complete ability to achieve their targeted rates of interest, and presents econometric evidence to support this argument.
So, for structuralists, the money-supply process could be represented as L 3 D 3 R (Nell, 2000-2001) or at least as L 3 D (Palley, 1996, 1998).
However, as Fontana (2009, p. 119) argued, 'Horizontalist and Structuralist analyses together form a more general theory of endogenous money'.
واژگان شبکه مترجمین ایران