1
شیمی::
زیست فعال
Today, it is known that the bioactivation of isoniazid is catalyzed by the peroxi- dase enzyme and the generated reactive inhibits the biosynthesis of mycolic acid required for the mycobacterial cell wall.
Another best-selling group of prodrugs is the proton pump inhibitors omeprazole and its analogs, which are site- selectively bioactivated to their active species in the acidic parietal cells of the stomach.
3.1.2.3.1 Oxidative Bioactivations
3.1.2.3.2 Reductive Bioactivations
This is only occasionally seen, it is less common than oxidative bioactivation due to the lower number of reducing enzymes.
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2
عمومی::
بیواکتیو
Strategies under investigation to manip- ulate macrophage behavior in regenerative medicine can be grossly divided into four categories: those that administer exogenously activat- ed macrophages, those that aim to increase or decrease macrophage numbers, those that employ local or systemic delivery of bioactive fac- tors to alter the phenotype of the macrophages that accumulate follow- ing injury, and those that modulate macrophage phenotype through the design of immunomodulatory biomaterial implants (Fig. 2; Table 1).
Interestingly, the amount of bioactive TNF-α in both healing and non-healing wounds was not significantly different.
The amount of bioactive TNF-α did not change as acute wounds closed, suggesting that the regulation of other cytokines may be more important in progressing wound healing.
Furthermore, the proteases degrade and decrease the bioactivity of growth factors that may be present, hence canceling out their pro-healing benefits as inflammation prevails (Tarnuzzer and Schultz, 1996).
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