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In some species, adult structures can undergo dedifferentiation to form a relatively undifferentiated mass of cells (a blastema) that then redifferentiates to form the new structure.
THE BLASTEMA AND ADULT PLURIPOTENT STEM CELLS A major question to ask about planarian regeneration is.
For decades it was believed that the old cells dedifferentiated at the cut ends of the planarian to form a regeneration blastema, a collection of relatively undifferentiated cells
How does the flatworm tell the posterior blastema to become tail and the anterior blastema to become head?
Comparing the transcriptomes of anterior-facing blastema cells from regeneration-competent species with regeneration-deficient species revealed an upregulation of genes indicative of highly active Wnt/p- catenin signaling only in the blastemas of regeneration-deficient planaria (Sikes and Newmark 2013).
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