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علوم اجتماعی و جامعه شناسی::
تبعیض قائل شدن
One small but revealing example of the social consequences of this attitude is that many company policies of establishing retirement ages for their employees have been made illegal as "age discrimination" because those policies are said to be based on stereotypes about the elderly, who can be productive beyond the age of "mandatory retirement."
But the fundamental principle is still alive and well today, when charges of racial discrimination are made against banks that turn down a higher proportion of black applicants for mortgage loans than of white applicants.
Sometimes the disparities are blamed on discrimination, sometimes on genes, but in any event the disparities are treated as oddities that need explaining, no matter how common such supposed oddities are in countries around the world or in how many centuries they have been common.
Where minorities have outperformed politically dominant majorities, it is especially difficult to make the case that discrimination is the cause.
But a more fundamental question must be faced: Was there ever any realistic chance that the various races would have had the same skills, experience and general capabilities, even if they had the same genetic potential and faced no discrimination?
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