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کشاورزی::
تخمیر
Concentrated juice from the evaporators is sent to the fermentation area and fed into fermenters.
The two main ethanol fermentation approa- ches found in the Brazilian distilleries are the fed-batch with yeast recycle (Melle- Boinot process) and the continuous multistage process-also with yeast recycle (Camargo 1990; Andrietta 1994).
In the fermentation process, sugar is exother- mically converted to ethanol and carbon dioxide by yeasts.
There is a wide variety of process possibilities and sources of disturbance for this operation, for example, fed-batch or continuous mode, with or without molasses, open and closed fermenters, different yeasts, level of contamination and design of
Fermentation has been receiving attention because, despite the present high conversion, there is still room to improvements.
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