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عمومی::
هایپرکالمی، هیپرکالمی
One of the most common electrolyte disturbances in patients with AKI is hyperkalemia, which may result in arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death.
New-onset hyperkalemia in the ICU should prompt a quick response from providers; the initial step is to repeat the laboratory test to confirm the first value.
An ECG should also be assessed looking for peaked T waves and widening of the QRS complex, but literature shows that the detection of these findings in hyperkalemia is poor, even by trained cardiologists, so treatment should not be deferred in true cases of hyperkalemia based on ECG interpretation.
At higher levels of hyperkalemia, urgent hemodialysis should also be considered because it is the only effective way to reduce total body potassium.
Diuretics and resins such as sodium polystyrene that pull electrolytes from the gastrointestinal tract have a limited role in the treatment of hyperkalemia because diuretics may worsen AKI, whereas resins with sorbitol have been associated with colonic ischemia and necrosis.
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