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علوم اجتماعی و جامعه شناسی::
روایتشناسی
Accordingly, this book draws on the scholarly tradition of narratology, the "for- mal" (Ryan 2005) and "systematic" (Abbott 2008 [2002]) study of narrative-a field that emerged out of explorations into fictional writings (by scholars such as Gérard Genette, Mieke Bal, Seymour Chatman, Gerald Prince, and Shlomith Rimmon-Kenan) and folktales (e.g.
, Propp 1968 [1927]) and that centers "not on what narratively organized sign systems mean, but on how they mean, and more specifically on how they mean as narratives" (Herman 1999: 218).1 Insofar as narratology offers an effective approach for understanding any kind of story in any context, its insights and ideas have permeated many scholarly fields in the humanities and social sciences, including literature, theater, folklore, conversation and discourse analysis, psychology, communication, education, history, law, and
Occasionally, insights, concepts, and ideas of narratology have been incorporated into the social sciences directly (e.g.
As a result, a considerable number of students of social sci- ence are exposed to the concept of narrative, while lacking rudimentary knowledge of narratology.
One of the objectives of this book is to correct this situation by outlining principles of classical narratology and adapting its basic concepts to the social sciences, thereby offering a framework for the analysis of social narratives.2 It is important to emphasize that this book does not aim to cover the entire range of narrative literature and concepts, nor does it provide an overview of the history and the current state of the field of narratology.
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