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عمومی::
اپیژنتیک
Less well understood is the role of pre-programming of cells prior to the tis- sue repair response, which may include biasing of phenotype via differ- entiation of monocytes and/or epigenetic marking of progenitor cells that is passed down to daughter cells [45-48].
Chronic, pro-inflammatory dis- ease conditions can influence the phenotype of macrophages at all levels from progenitors in the bone marrow to mature effector cells in tissue, in part through epigenetic programming.
An epigenetic mechanism may explain the intrinsic programming of diabetic macrophages, as repressive histone methyla- tion is decreased at the promoter of the IL-12 gene in bone marrow pro- genitors, resulting in increased IL-12 production in progeny wound macrophages [48].
Better understanding of the influence of the patient's disease status, including epigenetic programming, on macrophage phenotypes will provide insight into how the disease environment may impact therapies designed to modulate macro- phage phenotype and may provide additional targets for modulating macrophage phenotype.
, 2014), including cell-surface markers and gene-expression analyses that reveal transcrip- tional and epigenetic profiles, because this will increase our abil- ity to compare findings between research groups and expand our understanding of the unique contributions of the different macrophage populations and activation states during tissue injury and repair in multiple organ systems.
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