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زیست شناسی::
جنینی
Renaissance literally means "rebirth," and because regeneration can involve a return to the embryonic state, the term is apt in many ways.
Genes that are expressed in differentiated tissues (such as the mrf4 and my/5 genes expressed in muscle cells) are down regulated, while there is a dramatic increase in the expression of genes such as msxl that are associated with the proliferating progress zone mesenchyme of the embryonic limb (Simon et al. 1995).
In this experiment, two embryonic salamanders were joined together by parabiosis, ensuring similar conditions and survival of both.
Despite the seemingly simple distal outgrowth that typifies fin regeneration, the molecular regulation of this process is highly complex and involves all major signaling pathways known to play roles during embryonic development.
It is possible that this system also operates in mammals, but the mammalian insulin and insulin-like growth factor pathways are so integrated with embryonic development and adult metabolism that mutations often have numerous and deleterious effects (such as diabetes or Donahue syndrome).
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